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Resolutions

• Resolution 2024-006 Town Elector Resolution to Endorse the Town Board's Resolution 2024-004 to Exceed the Levy Limit 
• Resolution 2024-004 Town Board Resolution to Schedule a Special Town Meeting of Electors to Consider Exceeding the Levy Limit on October 7, 2024 (adopted 9/17/2024)

Important Dates

• 9/23/2024 Information Session Powerpoint Presentation 
• Town Elector Meeting: Monday, October 7^th at 7pm

Videos

Public Information Session, Sept. 23, 2024

Video: The Fire Chiefs Explain the Need

Video: Donna Wisniewski

Video: Jim Weiss

Postcard [PDF]

Press Release: Town Elector Meeting Scheduled on October 7th

Town of Linn Fire & EMS Comprehensive Analysis - PAA
Fire-EMS Comparative Staffing Model Study - PAA

Frequently Asked Questions

Town of Linn Fire/EMS Contractual Staffing

1. What is EMS?
   Emergency Medical Service, or EMS, personnel primarily respond to 9-1-1 calls requiring emergency medical treatment and possibly ambulance transportation to definitive care. All EMS personnel are certified by the State of Wisconsin and required to pass written and practical exams to become licensed and are required to attend continuing education to maintain their certification.
2. What is the difference between Basic Life Support and Paramedic, Advanced Life Support services?
   The level of EMS service can be Basic Life Support provided by Emergency Medical Technicians or Advanced Life Support provided by Paramedics. Both levels offer transportation to the hospital; however, Paramedics can provide advanced medical procedures and administration of medication for cardiac emergencies, difficulty breathing, pain management, and many other medical conditions.
3. How did the department run in the past?
   The Linn Fire department started in 1949, and joined with the Emergency Medical Services department in 2006. The department was a fully volunteer, paid-on-call department. On average, the department had 25-30 members who mostly lived and worked in or near the Linn community. The department was adequately staffed to respond to calls for services in an EMS or Fire emergency.
4. Why not continue with a fully volunteer, paid-on-call department?
   The Town has been facing significant challenges in providing emergency medical services and responding to fire calls due to the difficulties in recruiting and retaining qualified volunteers. The training requirements are demanding for an Advanced EMT or Paramedic, and certification is difficult to attain. Additionally, the Town is receiving more EMS calls due to an aging and growing population. The department has six consistently active members, and most are only available for 1-4 calls per month. Only one member is a licensed Advanced Emergency Medical Technician, which is required to provide Basic Life Support. The Town does not have any Paramedics to provide Advanced Life Support.
5. What has the Town done to fill EMS staffing coverage gaps?
   In 2021, the Town began contracting with the City of Lake Geneva, who already served Linn on the north shore of Geneva Lake, to provide two emergency medical services personnel stationed at the Linn Firehouse from Monday – Friday, 7:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. The partnership resulted in improved response times, more consistent responses, and increases in terms of the level of care provided. During periods of contractual staff coverage in Linn, Lake Geneva EMS staff responded to the majority of emergency calls in less than 10 minutes in non-rural areas, and 15 minutes in rural areas. While the above-mentioned staffing has been beneficial, the Town continues to experience challenges with providing EMS coverage. Between April 2021 – August 2022, Lake Geneva staff responded to EMS calls within 10 minutes 83% of the time, while Linn members responded within 10 minutes just 34% of the time.
6. What has the Town done to identify the optimal Fire/EMS staffing level for the community?
   Last year, the Town hired a consultant, Public Administration Associates, LLC (PAA), to conduct a comprehensive study and analysis to assist the Town in making future decisions concerning Fire/EMS staffing, vehicle and apparatus needs, and facilities. The study, which included input from Town Fire/EMS members, reviewed three staffing models:
   1. Current Fire and EMS service coverage
   2. Create a Linn Fire and EMS department to provide 24/7 Fire/EMS coverage.
   3. Partner with the City of Lake Geneva to provide 24/7 Fire/EMS coverage.

   The staffing study [PDF] is available here.

7. Which staffing model did the Town select?
   After reviewing the study, response times, quality of care, cost options, and discussing all viable options with current Linn fire department officers and staff, the Town Board voted to approve a short-term agreement with the City of Lake Geneva to provide 24/7 professional Fire/EMS personnel for the current year. The agreement achieves the following:
   • Response to emergency calls in less than 10 minutes, 80% or better response time in the non-rural area of the Town, and 15 minutes, 80% or better in rural areas of the Town.
   • Provide paramedic or Advanced Level Service to the community.
   • Provide a minimum of three emergency medical services personnel on-scene to medical emergencies.
   • Cost effectiveness due to sharing of fleet and equipment, and administrative personnel.
   • Supplement Lake Geneva’s staffing with the Town’s current paid-on-call volunteers.
8. Why not create a Town of Linn 24/7/365 stand-alone Fire/EMS department?
   The Town does not have adequately qualified staff who are available to fill the positions. Out of the 14 Linn Fire/EMS members interviewed by PAA, only 3 reported they are available to respond to calls both weekdays and weekends. A stand-alone department would require a rotation of 10 full-time staff members, and additional staff due to paid time off. Since the 2023 Study, over half of members resigned from the department due to lack of availability. PAA estimated it would take at least 12 months to implement, and a minimum of another 2 months with paramedic level services. After the positions are filled, the Town could expect an additional 12 months in training, and approximately $50,000 in training expenses. For the initial 24 - 26 months, the Town would face significant challenges responding to emergency calls for services. Any vacancies could have serious consequences, and staff turnover would require ongoing training and certification costs. If the City of Lake Geneva does not serve the north side of Linn, then the Town would have to consider constructing a new satellite station. Assuming the Town could acquire sufficient land, which would be extremely challenging, PAA estimates the cost to be at least $3M in land acquisition and construction costs, $1.4M apparatus costs, and annual staffing at $1.2M.The study concluded that the contractual Fire/EMS staffing coverage model will result in an operating savings of at least $111,991 per year, a potential capital apparatus savings of $1.65M to $1.85M over 3-5 years, and even more if you consider cost avoidance for a north shore satellite station.
9. Currently, how is the Town paying for contractual Fire/EMS staffing coverage?
   The Town borrowed $1.5M to cover the costs of 24/7 Lake Geneva staffing through the end of 2024. This past January, the Town repaid the full loan, plus interest, using property tax funds and did not incur any long-term debt.
10. What are the Town’s funding options?
    The Town’s only funding options are borrowing, levying a tax, or charging for services. The Town charges fees to patients for EMS services based on level of care and transportation to the Hospital. Total annual charge fee revenue covers approximately 1/2 of one full-time position. If the Town were to increase EMS fees, then the Town’s EMS fee schedule would likely be the highest amongst municipalities around the lake, and only cover minimal staffing expenses. If the Town were to continue borrowing, then Linn property tax dollars will be utilized to cover volatile interest rates for debt services. The most cost-effective and best solution is to incorporate Fire/EMS contractual services into the Town’s property tax levy.
11. What is the Town requesting?
    The Town is requesting to include contractual Fire/EMS staffing in the Town’s tax levy to reduce borrowing costs while ensuring the Town continues providing 24/7 Fire/EMS Services.
12. What is the long-term plan? Why is the Town proposing this now?
    Approval of this resolution will support the Town’s goal of reaching a long-term agreement with the City of Lake Geneva to continue providing Linn residents with reliable and quality fire and emergency medical services.
13. What happens if it fails?
    According to the PAA Study, a paid-on-call volunteer department is not a viable option. Few members are consistently available both weekdays and weekends, and only one active member is a certified Advanced EMT. It is imperative for the Town to provide reliable, quality, efficient, and cost-effective Fire/EMS services to the Linn community. After reviewing call response data, budget and cost considerations, and professional recommendations from PAA, the Linn Town Board unanimously voted to contract with the City of Lake Geneva to provide 24/7 Fire/EMS services through the end of the year. If the vote for permanent staffing coverage fails, then the Town will consider continuing to borrow to cover contractual Fire/EMS staffing. While borrowing will result in higher costs for Linn taxpayers, the Town must fulfill its responsibility to maintain consistency and continuity in terms of the level of care provided.
14. How much will it cost?
    The total annual cost is $1,900,000. For example, a home with an assessed value of $1M in year 2024, and $1.7M in year 2025 after revaluation, the Linn portion of the tax bill will increase by approximately 18%. The estimated annual tax increase is $489.26, or $1.34 per day.The tax bill increase is also due to a $2M loan to be repaid in 2025 for the following items:​
    * Fire mini-pumper to access narrow roads and driveways​
    * Improved roads, drainage, and bridges​
    * Replacement of the Highway bucket truck​
    * Replacement of the storm sirens​
    * Equipment replacement for emergency responders​.Here is a full breakdown of the example and the Town's proposed 2025 calendar year tax levy: https://townoflinn.wi.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Tax-Bill-Implications-Fire.EMS-Staffing.pdf
15. Does the Town charge fees for Fire and EMS services?
    Yes. The Linn fee schedule is available here. The Town receives Fire/EMS calls for services from both property owners and non-property owners in Linn. The fee revenue mainly covers emergency medical services and calls to vehicle accidents, and are billed to health insurance providers. This is standard practice for municipal Fire/EMS operations. Most of the revenue to cover Fire/EMS services is from property taxes.
16. If contractual Fire/EMS staffing will result in an average of an 18% tax increase, why does the Resolution and the Elector Meeting notices say 40%?

    The Wisconsin Department of Revenue (WDOR) requires that the Resolution and the Elector meeting notices include the total 2025 calendar year tax levy percentage increase for contractual Fire/EMS staffing. The WDOR formula compares the percentage cost increase between $0 and the requested $1,900,000, and does not account for the year-over-year reduction in borrowing costs.

    Including funding for contractual Fire/EMS staffing in the Town’s base tax levy will reduce borrowing from $2,985,000 in calendar year 2024 to $2,000,000 in calendar year 2025, substantially reducing interest costs. The $2 million loan is for a Fire mini-pumper, Fire building modifications for 24/7/365 staffing, EMS equipment, and public safety and roadway infrastructure improvements.

    What the WDOR percentage formula does not consider is that the Town borrowed, levied, and repaid $1,500,000 for contractual Fire/EMS staffing in the 2024 calendar year. If you compare the overall tax levy between calendar year 2024 and calendar year 2025, including borrowing, the average percentage increase is approximately 18%. The calendar year 2024 tax levy was $5,579,866, and the requested calendar year 2025 tax levy is $6,546,466.

    The WDOR requires that the Resolution and Elector Meeting notices include the percentage increase for the proposed base levy increase ($1,900,000) / the 2025 calendar year tax levy without funding for Fire/EMS staffing ($4,646,466), which is 40.891%.

    Since funding for contractual Fire/EMS staffing is already included in the Town tax levy, the accurate percentage tax increase for the average property owner is approximately 18%. A full analysis of the tax levy and implications for taxpayers is available here.

Questions? Please contact Administrator Jim Hurley at admin@townoflinn.wi.gov.